What Loupe holds.
18,191,061 citations to American case law, from federal and state courts. For 7,184,874 indexed citations, the inventory records the opinion’s last page so a pin cite can be checked. The newest decision in this index snapshot is from 20 October 2026. Newer decisions can also come from the courts’ own sites.
The collection reads 103 courts’ sites. It holds 44,656 decisions in this snapshot, the newest decided on 10 October 2026.
Figures from the inventory of 5 November 2026. Live updates are labelled separately.
Find a case
By the parties’ names, or by its citation. Only what Loupe holds, and free.
Try , , or .
Collected lately
Decisions the crawler brought in from the courts’ own sites, newest first.
The day’s list appears here after the crawler’s next run.
Held, court by court
Citations by the courts that decided them, and how many of their opinions Loupe knows the pages of.
| Court system | Citations | Pages known |
|---|---|---|
| US Supreme Court | 970,371 | 55% |
| Federal courts of appeals | 1,182,782 | 74% |
| Federal district courts | 423,110 | 98% |
| Bankruptcy courts | 79,719 | 99% |
| Federal specialised courts (tax, claims, veterans, military, trade) | 441,510 | 22% |
| State courts, own reporters and neutral citations | 8,723,015 | 43% |
| State courts, West regional reporters | 3,473,101 | 39% |
| Westlaw and Lexis numbers | 2,411,393 | 0% |
| Topical reporters (BNA, CCH and the like) | 378,750 | 12% |
| Other | 107,310 | 24% |
By state
| State | Citations | Pages known | Statutes checked |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 157,653 | 50% | |
| Alaska | 11,505 | 21% | |
| Arizona | 55,662 | 51% | |
| Arkansas | 118,418 | 46% | |
| California | 375,858 | 39% | |
| Colorado | 65,949 | 42% | |
| Connecticut | 164,242 | 34% | |
| Delaware | 25,610 | 40% | |
| District of Columbia | 50,808 | 41% | |
| Florida | 239,549 | 12% | Yes |
| Georgia | 357,596 | 48% | |
| Guam | 386 | 72% | |
| Hawaii | 31,018 | 60% | |
| Idaho | 38,580 | 50% | |
| Illinois | 427,712 | 44% | |
| Indiana | 126,145 | 43% | |
| Iowa | 59,769 | 68% | |
| Kansas | 87,655 | 55% | |
| Kentucky | 141,845 | 47% | |
| Louisiana | 296,449 | 15% | |
| Maine | 42,111 | 41% | |
| Maryland | 84,989 | 53% | |
| Massachusetts | 152,607 | 61% | |
| Michigan | 145,632 | 55% | |
| Minnesota | 86,410 | 40% | |
| Mississippi | 60,880 | 46% | |
| Missouri | 174,432 | 31% | |
| Montana | 65,930 | 43% | |
| Nebraska | 78,215 | 48% | |
| Nevada | 26,973 | 40% | |
| New Hampshire | 33,797 | 63% | |
| New Jersey | 211,921 | 53% | |
| New Mexico | 27,441 | 65% | |
| New York | 2,399,316 | 46% | |
| North Carolina | 199,675 | 56% | |
| North Dakota | 31,344 | 22% | |
| Ohio | 360,102 | 29% | |
| Oklahoma | 173,023 | 24% | |
| Oregon | 127,562 | 45% | |
| Pennsylvania | 385,380 | 50% | |
| Puerto Rico | 44,276 | 58% | |
| Rhode Island | 37,922 | 46% | |
| South Carolina | 81,010 | 58% | |
| South Dakota | 30,986 | 33% | |
| Tennessee | 67,360 | 52% | |
| Texas | 242,479 | 25% | Yes |
| Utah | 39,730 | 26% | |
| Vermont | 39,169 | 57% | |
| Virgin Islands | 6,535 | 64% | |
| Virginia | 108,328 | 54% | Yes |
| Washington | 147,994 | 55% | |
| West Virginia | 43,334 | 52% | |
| Wisconsin | 116,770 | 42% | |
| Wyoming | 16,973 | 16% |
The courts Loupe reads each day
- Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (Massachusetts) 167
- United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (Georgia) 9,226
- Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (New York) 377
- Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit (Pennsylvania) 141
- Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (Virginia) 733
- Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (Louisiana) 883
- Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (Tennessee) 42
- Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (Illinois) 33
- Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (California) 117
- Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit (Washington D.C.) 35
- Supreme Court of the United States (Washington D.C.) 115
- United States Bankruptcy Appellate Panel of The First Circuit (Massachusetts) 20
- United States Bankruptcy Appellate Panel of The Sixth Circuit (Ohio) 1
- United States Bankruptcy Appellate Panel of The Ninth Circuit (California) 12
- U S Army Court of Criminal Appeals (Washington D.C.) 77
- U S Air Force Court of Criminal Appeals (Washington D.C.) 126
- federal_special.ag 10
- United States Court of Appeals For The Armed Forces (Washington D.C.) 35
- United States Court of International Trade (New York) 132
- U S Navy Marine Corps Court of Criminal Appeals (Washington D.C.) 46
- United States Court of Federal Claims (Washington D.C.) 3,963
- Alabama Court of Civil Appeals (Alabama) 9
- Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals (Alabama) 2
- Arizona Supreme Court (Arizona) 23
- Arizona Court of Appeals (Arizona) 42
- Arkansas Supreme Court (Arkansas) 27
- Arkansas Court of Appeals (Arkansas) 60
- California Attorney General Reports (California) 14
- Colorado Supreme Court (Colorado) 319
- Colorado Court of Appeals (Colorado) 52
- Connecticut Supreme Court (Connecticut) 68
- Connecticut Court of Appeals (Connecticut) 224
- Delaware Supreme Court (Delaware) 46
- Delaware Court of Chancery (Delaware) 40
- Delaware Court of Common Pleas (Delaware) 6
- Superior Court of Delaware (Delaware) 41
- Georgia Supreme Court (Georgia) 254
- Georgia Court of Appeals (Georgia) 957
- Supreme Court of Hawaii (Hawaii) 101
- Hawaii Intermediate Court of Appeals (Hawaii) 56
- Idaho Supreme Court (Idaho) 24
- Idaho Court of Appeals (Idaho) 67
- Illinois Supreme Court (Illinois) 14
- Appellate Court of Illinois (Illinois) 269
- Indiana Supreme Court (Indiana) 252
- Indiana Court of Appeals (Indiana) 411
- Indiana Tax Court (Indiana) 251
- Supreme Court of Iowa (Iowa) 949
- Court of Appeals of Iowa (Iowa) 106
- Kentucky Supreme Court (Kentucky) 60
- Court of Appeals of Kentucky (Kentucky) 53
- Supreme Court of Louisiana (Louisiana) 14
- Louisiana Court of Appeal (Louisiana) 163
- Court of Appeals of Maryland (Maryland) 99
- Maryland Attorney General Reports (Maryland) 100
- Court of Special Appeals of Maryland (Maryland) 69
- Supreme Judicial Court of Maine (Maine) 102
- Superior Court of Maine (Maine) 48
- state.minnag 76
- Montana Supreme Court (Montana) 25
- Supreme Court of North Carolina (North Carolina) 48
- Court of Appeals of North Carolina (North Carolina) 778
- Nebraska Supreme Court (Nebraska) 41
- Nebraska Court of Appeals (Nebraska) 64
- Nevada Supreme Court (Nevada) 28
- Court of Appeals of Nevada (Nevada) 25
- New Mexico Supreme Court (New Mexico) 13
- New Mexico Court of Appeals (New Mexico) 3
- New York Attorney General Reports (New York) 25
- Ohio Supreme Court (Ohio) 94
- Ohio Court of Appeals (Ohio) 769
- Ohio Court of Claims (Ohio) 55
- Oregon Supreme Court (Oregon) 15
- Court of Appeals of Oregon (Oregon) 105
- Oregon Tax Court (Oregon) 6
- Supreme Court of Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania) 59
- Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania) 24
- Superior Court of Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania) 123
- Supreme Court of Rhode Island (Rhode Island) 50
- Supreme Court of South Dakota (South Dakota) 13
- Texas Supreme Court (Texas) 29
- Texas Attorney General Reports (Texas) 9
- Texas Business Court (Texas) 3
- Supreme Court of Virginia (Virginia) 2
- Court of Appeals of Virginia (Virginia) 17,679
- Supreme Court of Vermont (Vermont) 80
- Superior Court of Vermont (Vermont) 75
- Washington Supreme Court (Washington) 45
- Court of Appeals of Washington (Washington) 1,041
- Wisconsin Supreme Court (Wisconsin) 12
- Court of Appeals of Wisconsin (Wisconsin) 41
- West Virginia Supreme Court (West Virginia) 328
- Intermediate Court of Appeals of West Virginia (West Virginia) 23
- Wyoming Supreme Court (Wyoming) 125
- Supreme Court of Guam (Guam) 11
- Tribunal De Apelaciones De Puerto Rico/Court of Appeals of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico) 631
- Supreme Court of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico) 102
- Superior Court of Guam (Guam) 170
- Supreme Court of The Virgin Islands (Virgin Islands) 7
- Superior Court of The Virgin Islands (Virgin Islands) 5
- Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (Washington D.C.) 116
Where it comes from
Every source Loupe checks against, and what each is for. All are public; none of them produced, reviewed or endorsed Loupe.
Case law
- CourtListener, a Free Law Project service: its public-domain files are the citation index, which case each citation names, and the text of the opinions Harvard does not hold, most of them since 2019, which quotations are compared with; and its RECAP archive of federal dockets, for a case cited by its docket number.
- Harvard Law School Library’s Caselaw Access Project, public domain: where each opinion ends, the printed page and the text, to about 2019.
- The courts’ own sites, read each day by Loupe’s crawler, built on Free Law Project’s juriscraper: recent decisions and their full text.
- GovInfo’s United States Courts Opinions collection, from the U.S. Government Publishing Office: the opinions of the federal courts that publish there, the district and bankruptcy courts among them, read each day.
- Later courts’ opinions that cite a recent decision: how its citation is learned before a reporter prints it. And what courts in their own citations call a Westlaw or Lexis number, which no public source holds.
- Free Law Project’s reporters-db: which reporters exist, so one that was never published is caught.
Statutes, regulations and rules
- GovInfo, from the U.S. Government Publishing Office: the U.S. Code, public laws and the Federal Register. A page of the Statutes at Large is not checked.
- The Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the House of Representatives: the U.S. Code as it stands today, asked when GovInfo’s edition does not have a section.
- eCFR and the Federal Register, from the Office of the Federal Register: federal regulations.
- Congress.gov, from the Library of Congress: bills from 1973, and committee reports from 1995.
- uscourts.gov: the Federal Rules of Civil, Criminal, Appellate and Bankruptcy Procedure and of Evidence.
- Cornell’s Legal Information Institute: the U.S. Code, the rules and the Constitution, to read.
- California Legislative Information: California’s codes. Since 6 October 2026 its site has answered Loupe with a page meant for a browser, so a California section is reported as not checked, never as wrong, until the site answers again.
- The Florida Senate or the Florida Legislature’s Online Sunshine: the Florida Statutes.
- Texas Constitution and Statutes, from the Texas Legislative Council, and the Code of Virginia, from Virginia’s Legislative Information System, in copies Loupe took on 29 September 2026: whether a Texas or Virginia section exists.
- The American Law Institute’s catalogue, in a copy Loupe keeps: which Restatements exist. Their sections are not checked.
Links and references
- Each link in a filing, opened as it is today, and the Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine for a snapshot of what it showed.
- Crossref: DOIs.
For AI agents
An agent can ask Loupe before it cites anything. Free, with no account and no key.
- Check a citation
GET https://loupe.legal/api/cite?c=556 U.S. 662, 678Whether it exists, which case it names, and whether the pin falls inside the opinion.
- Find a case
GET https://loupe.legal/api/search?q=Miranda v. ArizonaThe cases Loupe holds by that name, with their citations and pages.
- What is held
GET https://loupe.legal/api/coverageThe figures at the top of this page.
- As an MCP server
https://loupe.legal/mcp-publicTwo tools, check_citation and search_cases, for Claude, ChatGPT or any MCP client.
Add format=md, or ask for text/markdown, for Markdown. Described in
OpenAPI, llms.txt and AGENTS.md,
and listed at /.well-known/api-catalog.
Five hundred questions a day from one network. Every answer says what was checked and what was not; “not found” is never said to mean “does not exist”. Not legal advice.
GET /api/cite?c=556 U.S. 662, 790
{
"citation": "556 U.S. 662",
"verdict": "mismatch",
"in_words": "Real, but described wrongly",
"case": "Ashcroft v. Iqbal",
"findings": [{
"problem": "The pin cite is page 790, but the opinion runs 662–700."
}]
}
Example response.